Managing passwords can become difficult and frustrating as the number of online accounts and services increases. Remembering different passwords, understanding password rules and knowing how to store passwords safely can be challenging, particularly for people who are less familiar or confident with digital technology.
The Cyber Safety team explored the password practices, concerns and experiences of digital newcomers in Ireland to understand how password guidance could be made clearer, more practical and easier to follow.
The study began with interviews with 37 participants, followed by focus groups involving 31 participants to develop and improve password guidance. The final guidance was then tested with 15 participants from rural and urban communities in Ireland.
The research found that remembering and managing multiple passwords was a significant source of frustration. While many participants were already security-conscious, some reused passwords or developed their own ways of storing them.
Participants were also hesitant about digital password managers and passphrases, often because they were unfamiliar with them or unsure about where their passwords would be stored.
Finding Password Solutions That Work for People
One important finding was that securely writing passwords down can be a practical option for some people, particularly those who have difficulty remembering multiple passwords or do not feel comfortable using digital password managers.
The research shows that password advice should be clear, accessible and practical, rather than assuming that the same solution will work for everyone. It also highlights the importance of making password systems easier for people to understand and use safely.